On 9 November 2017, the National Library of Iceland – University Library signed the Expression of Interest in the Large-scale Implementation of Open Access to Scholarly Journals . The statement builds on the Berlin Declaration on Open Access (2003), which the library signed in 2012, and thus commits to open access to research results produced with public funds, in addition to cultural institutions providing access to their data online. The library's policy on open access and open science dates back to 2016.